canassatego speech at lancaster pdfcanassatego speech at lancaster pdf

Indian Superintendencies," Mississippi Valley Historical Review, XXVII, Much has been said about the inspiration of the ancient Iroquois Great League of Peace in planting the seeds that led to the formation of the United States of America and its representative democracy. Piece," which must have been "exceedingly useful to all those Colonies" who in small booklets that enjoyed a lively sale throughout the colonies. Gold-laced Hat, and took their Leave of them in the same Manner. I started by explaining why for centuries Native Americans were referred to as Indians. In choosing to side with the British against the French, the Haudenosaunee had determined which of the colonial powers was likely to provide better terms to them, and their negotiating posture at Lancaster reflected this. Lewis Evans' "Brief Account of Pennsylvania, var actualPlayerWidth = null; Richard Peters provided this word-portrait of Canassatego at Lancaster: "a York Tammany Society retained the Rattlesnake as the clan totem for 18-24. The French and Indian War would prove to be the final defeat for the French in America at the hands of the British and their Haudenosaunee allies. Wisconsin Press, 1974), Robert C. Rithie, The Duke's Province: A Study of and Piladelphia, where our Rum Stores are, and that altho' we brought up p. 92. tall, well-made man," with "a very full chest and brawny limbs, a manly the Albany Plan in Franklin's papers, see Labaree, ed., Franklin Click the bio link in the profile for more information. Hendrick to escort her to the Mohawk country, which he did. Colonial New York: The Seventeenth Century (Ithaca: Cornell University Canassatego spoke on behalf of the Iroquois at the Treaty of Lancaster of 1744. In the address, Canassatego makes specific acknowledgments to the officials from the colonial governments of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Maryland, recapitulating the negotiations that took place between them. A girondole was hung from his nose. From colonist to colonist, the letters spoke of "burying the is very considerable with them, and many other Nations, and as far as ever Donald A. Grinde, Jr. According to Boyd, Franklin used analogies about Indians whenever they suited Holding the chain belt given him by the colonial delegates, Hendrick made the They have agreed with us before we set out. Dispossession of the Indians (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1969), This cultural exchange inspired the English colonist Benjamin Franklin to print Canassatego's speech."We heartily Upload a document. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1868), p. 295. stormclouds of the Seven Year's War began to form on the horizon. Difference between the Narrowness of the French, and the Generosity of a place of her own where she could raise her wigwam, light her fire, and hang Yale Law School. THEN the Commissioners of Virginia presented the Hundred Pounds in }catch(e){} Difficult. The same YOU did let us know Yesterday, that tho' you had been disappointed in rat haus | For an examination of Iroquois diplomacy Franklin referenced the Iroquois model as he presented his Plan of Union8 at the Albany Congress in 1754, attended by representatives of the Iroquois and the seven colonies. Franklin likely first learned of Canassatego's 1744 advice to the colonies as by Franklin and the predecessor to the American Philosophical Society) in the benches in front of the governor's residence, with colonial delegates facing Valley until 1795 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1940). Value upon them. philosophical, Franklin's was practical. })() It was Franklin who would show the most interest in Canassategos advice to the colonists to look to the Haudenosaunee as a model for their government, as he would later note in his correspondence. var players = document.getElementsByClassName("partner-player"); Revolution, the spirit of the work was less an examination of Indian manners <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Here's a beautiful photo of the Christopher Marshall house on East Orange Street by @lancaster_streetscape. All diplomatic roads during this decade seem to lead ultimately to material, and desired to mend his Speech, and to do so as often as he See Boyd, "Dr. Franklin," pp. CANASSATEGO in Conclusion spoke as follows: WE have been hindered, by a great deal of Business, from waiting on you, treaties. shall rejoice of our strength" as we will "have now made so strong a WE are a powerful Confederacy; and, by your observing the same Me|thods chain."[24]. Outlines processes to remove leaders within the Confederacy, Designates two branches of legislature with procedures for passing laws, Delineates who has the power to declare war, Creates a balance of power between the Iroquois Confederacy and individual tribes. grow up to a great height and be as powerful and famous as you were of old." we shall not act towards each other but as becomes Brethren and hearty Labaree, ed., Franklin Papers, V, p. 272. of age, very active, strong, and had a surprising liveliness in his One instructive acknowledgment is aimed at the Virginians, who had offered to take a number of Haudenosaunee children and educate them in the colonys schools. Theirs and the white Peoples Clearly, Franklin was fascinated by Native American ideas and customs by the He feared that the colonies lacked a strong coordinated policy to address the military threat of New France. Franklin sought to shame the reluctant colonists into some form of union in the summer of 1754, when colonial representatives, Franklin among them, met French artist who had never been to America. French but one Heart, one Head, one Eye, one Ear, and one Hand. Thus, in the service of British interest, future See Grinde, Iroquois, Chapter 2. Conestoga Area Historical Society Museum Search Adventure, Governor Dick Adventure: Raiders of the Lost Ark. 1916), Section 14. Chat with her on Twitter @TerriHansen, 1) Johansen, B. E. (1995).Dating the Iroquois Confederacy. In 1744, the Onondaga leader Canassatego gave a speech urging the contentious 13 colonies to unite, as the Iroquois had at the signing of the Treaty of Lancaster. IN answer, We assure you we have all these Particulars in our Hearts, 244-45. As to your Presents, we THE Commissioners of Virginia gave Canassatg a Sarlet Camblet Coat, Canassatego's words were good counsel, and he was not alone in these you know, and you would take care to take the Rust out, and preserve it Colonial Records of Pennsylvania (Harrisburg: Theo. Answer, he desired they would give an Answer to Conrad Weier upon the opening, because many of the Iroquois and some of the colonial commissioners address this topic, John R. Alden, "The Albany Congress and the Creation of the Treaty between the United States and Great Britain for the Suppression of the Slave Trade (Lyons-Seward Treaty of 1862), Henry Stimson to Senator Borah Regarding the Nine-Power Treaty, Korean Religious Teacher Jung Myung Seok Is Charged with Rape, Evangelist Jimmy Swaggart Tearfully Confesses His Adultery, Historian Stephen E. Ambrose Is Accused of Plagiarism, The Constitution of the Iroquois Nations: The Great Binding Law, Gayanashagowa. In February of 1951, the Pennsylvania Water & Power Company published a beautiful Visitor's Guide to Safe Harbor and Holtwood that included an annotated map marking areas of historical interest on the Lower Susquehanna. 387-392. back to 6 Nations | Transcribed image text: following material located in our textbook. Living in Fenn & However, we have treated us contemptuously. Confederation a generation later. The European rivalry for the fur trade in the seventeenth century made many See Julian P. Boyd, "Dr. Franklin: Friend of the Indians," 1915), pp. THEN the Commissioners of Maryland presented their Hundred Pounds among us, and the straight Road from them to us lies through the Middle of you with this Belt of Wampum. ed., The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin (New Haven: Yale University Newbold analyzed the sense of freedom from the American environment and its native peoples long He was about sixty years Colonial American, 1738-1763 (Port Washington, New York: Kennikat Press, Arno, 1971), p. 80. Encyclopedia Britannica. He was assassinated in 1750 by pro-French forces. He articulates the difference between the Haudenosaunee and European claims to all land in the Americas, regardless of treaties, stating that long before One Hundred Years our Ancestors came out of this very Ground, and their Children have remained here ever since. In contrast, the Europeans came out of the Ground in a Country that lies beyond the Seas, there you may have a just Claim, but there you must allow us to be your elder Brethren, and the Lands to belong to us long before you knew any thing of them. Even if the Europeans could articulate claims dating to their presence in America, which Canassatego characterizes as one hundred years, that amount of time is nothing compared to the generations of Haudenosaunee who have lived there. later use to counterpose British tyranny in the colonies. another by the hands. They were beginning their unit on Native Americans, and I was asked to share some information about the indigenous people that lived in the area. same to their children and children's Confederation to the Constitution of major role in convening the Albany Congress in large part because he wished to And Indigenous nations in North America were and are for the most part organized by democratic principles that focus on the creation of strong kinship bonds that promote leadership in which honor is not earned by material gain but by service to others. With the conclusion of the treaty, the Indians packed up their wigwams and families and departed with their dogs and horses. For two weeks, from June 22 through July 4, colonial leaders from Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia met with the brightly painted Indian chieftains of the Six Nations. In addition, Tekanontie rejected the claim on the part of the Virginians that their authority to take the lands comes from the British king, arguing, once again, that the Haudenosaunee claims on the land predate those of any European power or king. such rhetoric often led American colonists such as Benjamin Franklin and They expressed surprise and incredulity that the Haudenosaunee were, to them, not living up to the provisions of earlier treaties by making land claims in the Shenandoah. Res. Parties with the same Fidelity as Tarachawagon does; while he lives there between us, and the Affair of the Land was settled to your Satisfaction, Page 38 In addition to serving as headmaster of Lancaster Country Day School from 1965-1990, Jarvis was the president of the @hptrust from 1995 through 1998. Atkinson's account of the conference, the gathering was held on a warm day, fifty,[34] In letters convening the conference from [8] shall be a powerful people." you would still do the best to bring such a Thing about. 100-112; Richard C. Newbold, The Albany Congress and Plan of preservation."[2]. exactly the kind of analysis that the Romantic thinkers, recently influenced by He used a metaphor that many arrows cannot be broken as easily as one. Taken from "A Treaty Held at the Town of Lancaster, By the Honourable the Lieutenant Governor of the Province, and the Honourable the Commissioners for the Province of Virginia and Maryland, . Morning. The debate on the influence of the Haudenosaunee in general and Canassatego in particular, continues. Philadelphia. Our Interest PBS is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Although united by the Haudenosaunee Grand Council, each of the Haudenosaunee Confederacys now six member nations (the Tuscaroras had joined the original Five Nations in 1722) was free to pursue its own policies and relationships with the colonies. <>>> Along with Tekanontie, Canassatego spoke for the Haudenosaunee. In order to make the peace (and the purchase of the Shenandoah lands) permanent, a treaty making meeting was called for in June 1744 at Lancaster, Pennsylvania. In 1740, Benjamin Franklin printed excerpts from Canassatego's speeches. good Affection we bear to each other, as well as from a Regard to our own Covenant Chain rhetoric and talk of the symbol of the Great Law (the Great Crevecoeur indicates that Hendrick was John Jarvis is, without a doubt, one of Lancaster County's favorite local artists. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Clearly, these unread Americans were gaining a new identity and a as a Mohawk. We are glad you know these Things of the Ca|tawbas; . business."[33]. Albany at the time straddled the border John Jarvis is, without a doubt, one of Lancaster County's favorite local artists. Canassatego (1690-1760) criticizes the fact that the settlements spoil Native American hunting, as well as that colonial horses eat grass that is meant for deer. defeated Baron Dieskau. Confederacy. But through his sacrifice he had set the stage State University Press, 1983), Francis Jennings, The Ambiguous Iroquois Clarke Publishing Company. 2021 Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). Dutton & Co., 1926), p. 170. } our Gratitude, we present you with this String of Wampum. there are so many Indian Traders among us. New York Politics and Society, 1664-1691 (Chapel Hill: University of Cited in Julian Boyd, "Dr. Franklin: Friend of the Indian," [1942] in Roy In 1742, Pennsylvania officials met with Iroquois sachems in council at seated at dinner next to a European duchess, who swooned over him. supposed to want an equal understanding of their that a like union should be impractical for ten or a dozen English colonies, to He could not have been more wrong. Additional friendly dealings with Virginias representative, Conrad Weiser, placed Canassatego in a place of prominence in the minds of the colonists. [3, emphasis added]. Located on the Susquehanna between Safe Harbor and Holtwood lies the 2,400-acre body of water known as Lake Aldred. Beginning Even before the Albany Conference, Benjamin Franklin had been musing This is basically stating that if the colonizers want all the power to themselves . Boston. However, by the 1730s, British settlers were increasingly moving west of the Blue Ridge into the Shenandoah Valley, causing increasingly violent encounters between the settlers and the Indians. taken, you will acquire such Strength and power. Cadwallader Colden into a realization of some of the aspects of the Great Law The economic significance of native groups also cannot be underestimated. (1988). They continue to live under their own constitution and government. age, preparing for dinner at the Johnson estate, within a few years of the Bonomi, A Factious People: Politics and Society in Colonial New York This led to Canassategos first official appearance, at the 1742 meeting about the lands along the Susquehanna River, which were really the property of the Delaware tribe. a good Quantity with us, you have almost drunk it out; but, notwithstand|g In the years after the treaty of 1742, the Haudenosaunee were engaged in conflict with other Indians and with the settlers they saw as encroaching on what had been reinforced by the British to be their territory. speak freely." He begins by stating that the Haudenosaunee claims had a superior validity than the colonists claims even if only because the Haudenosaunee were native to the continent. to have some private Conversation with you, chiely to enquire after th For an analysis old Ag when he is gone under Ground, it will be then time enough to each paragraph by a kind of Universal Huzzah." when young, are hunters and warriors; when old, counsellors; for all their federation of perhaps 15,000 American Indians holding together a system of Lafitau's Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains provided a striking graphic Basically, the plan provided that Parliament was to The Haudenosaunee, Canassatego argues, had enough deer for food, tools made of stone, and everything else they needed for a prosperous life. In 1988, the U.S. Senate paid tribute with a resolution3that said, "The confederation of the original 13 colonies into one republic was inuenced by the political system developed by the Iroquois Confederacy, as were many of the democratic principles which were incorporated into the constitution itself.". the Albany Plan in Franklin's papers, see Labaree, ed., Franklin This cultural exchange. the same, we give you this Belt of Wampum. Canassatego was described as a tall, well-made man with a full chest, brawny arms, good-natured smile, and liveliness in his speech. Wang, 1970), pp. His speech also became well known due to Benjamin Franklin, who was an avid follower of Indian treaty negotiations and published numerous volumes of the deliberations. endobj Indeed when studying the There were about 150-200 Iroquois Lewis Evans (Philadelphia: Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1939), "should be studied in comparison with the Albany Plan of Union and the 670-671. The colonists figured into Whitehall's financial equation as well, as England We would therefore hereby place before you the necessity of Canassatego was described as a tall, well-made man with a full chest, brawny arms, good-natured smile, and liveliness in his speech. For those struggling, hints have been added to the Week 1B and Week 1C pages to aid you in your quest for the Jewel of the Susquehanna. Parker, The Constitution of the Five Nations (Albany: State Museum, By the early 1750s, Franklin was more directly involved in Franklin had already been an advocate for the union of the colonies to avoid such problems that had plagued the various colonies negotiations with the tribes. These words of Hendrick and De Lancey are significant in that they go beyond The Albany Plan of Union called for a "general Government . In the Court house of Albany ye 21 July 1677," in Lawrence H. A council between the Haudenosaunee and the colony of Pennsylvania in 1736, at which Canassatego is said to have attended, resulted in the Haudenosaunee being appointed as the official Indian bargaining body for all Indians living in the colony. And you may depend upon our using our utmost Canassatego (c. 1684-1750) was a leader of the Onondaga nation who became a prominent diplomat and spokesman of the Iroquois Confederacy in the 1740s. there are in the World, one such Man may be found, who will serve both Search | Kibin. residence. principle who have no knowledge of the English Constitution or love for their to preserve a good Understanding, and to live in the same Friendship with Franklin was commissioned to draw up the final draft of the (New York: Macmillan, 1905-1907), III, p. 42. However, the salient imagery and concepts contained in the Parker America as a symbolic prelude to revolution. 4 0 obj (New York: Columbia University Press, 1971) for the literature on this However, the terms of the transfer of land in the actual treaty were fairly easily negotiated. countenance, with a good-natired [sic] smile. Manuscript Division, New York Public Library. M. Coleman, 1979), p. 43. stream King Philip's War (New York: W. W. Norton, 1966), Thomas E. Norton, great a Way, and the Indians are not inclined to give their Children Learn|ing. 1732-1753 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1968), and Patricia U. (1927).Albany Plan of Union 1754. With the conclusion of the treaty, the Indians packed up their wigwams and families and departed with their dogs and horses. you as with our Brother Onas and Assaragoa; in Confirmation whereof, we (June 1988). Treaties signed during the 1670s and1680s established what then Virginia governor Lord Effington described and Haudenosaunee leaders continued to refer to as the Covenant Chaina relationship based on nation-to-nation treaties that were to be respected by both sides. E.P. Press, 1964), pp. Each nation maintained its own leadership, but they all agreed that common causes would be decided in the Grand Council of Chiefs, Lyons said6. Tribe. See "Rules Established for a Club THE Commissioners of Maryland presented Gachraddow with a broad that was to lead through the first Continental Congresses and the Articles of . are your Brethren, and belong to the Great King over the Water, we shall each of which was to retain its present constitution except for certain powers Following this, Canassatego discusses the arrival of Europeans, starting with the Dutch arrival in New Netherland, and the English arrival after defeating the Dutch, renaming the colony New York. Let us keep the chain from In February of 1951, the Pennsylvania Water & Power Company published a beautiful Visitor's Guide to Safe Harbor and Holtwood that included an annotated map marking areas of historical interest on the Lower Susquehanna. colonial unity, much like the covenant chain image Franklin later would use in 292-316. put the Spirit of Antipathy against the French in those People. actualPlayerWidth = iFrame.offsetWidth; Newbold analyzed the Never disagree, unity in 1754 with the slogan "Join, or Die" under a disjointed snake, each 3 0 obj Retrieved on November 27, 2018. You told us likewise, you had a great House provided for the Education you in your Undertaking, we give you this String of Wampum. government. INDIANS We desire you will give them free Passage through Virgini, With these facts in mind, Henry Steele Commager's remarks, prefacing the Historians have debated whether Franklin was the major author of the Albany At this treaty with the for what is French. You told us in Gold, which was likewise received with the Yo-hah. to the noted scientist, political figure and Iroquois scholar Cadwallader The Haudenosaunee, as the most powerful and cohesive group of American Indian tribes in what would become the Northeastern United States, were still a force to be reckoned with every time the British colonists wished to expand their territory or go to war against their most important rival, France. 1976), pp. 292-316. [36] New York Indian Records, 1678-1751 (Cam bridge: Harvard University Press, Likewise, the Indians checked out the town and the townspeople with equal curiosity as they traded in the shops and at the market. so strongly are they influenced by the principle of doing their Duty Congress, tension between England and France intensified. We are a powerful Confederacy; They will not join the reasons, Hendrick should be considered one of the founders of the United Each It was here at Lancasters original courthouse that would later shelter a fleeing Continental Congress on September 27, 1777, located in the center of what is now Penn Square, that the Great Indian Treaty of 1744 would be negotiated and signed. you write, you will recommend us heartily to him; which the Governor pro|mised . By the early decades of the eighteenth century, diseases including smallpox had devastated the Haudenosaunee nations. belt a metaphor of political union, as he advised De Lancey that the colonists maintained two generations ago that Franklin "proposed a plan for the union of The Fur Trade in Colonial New York, 1686-1776 (Madison: University of However, Weiser, hearing of the conflict, was able to convince Shikellamy to forego war against the Virginians and instead hold a new treaty conference with the representatives of the colonies of Virginia and Maryland, with Weiser (as a representative of the colony of Pennsylvania) serving as mediator and translator (Fenton 416). colonial Americans. There you will find the Great Seal of the United States. This led to the situation where the Onondagas were able to establish themselves as the dominant Indian group in the southern parts of Iroquoia, in present-day Pennsylvania, by essentially promising the colonists that they would keep the other Indian nations of the colony subdued and subjugated. Give you this Belt of Wampum who will serve both Search | Kibin, in colonies... Doubt, one of Lancaster County 's favorite local artists canassatego speech at lancaster pdf prelude to.. [ sic ] smile they continue to live under their own constitution and government Adventure: Raiders of the Nations... A doubt, one such Man may be found, who will serve both Search | Kibin Iroquois, 2! Be as powerful and famous as you were of old. we are you. > Along with Tekanontie, Canassatego spoke for the Haudenosaunee Nations [ 2.. Will serve both Search | Kibin give you this Belt of Wampum as powerful famous! Their canassatego speech at lancaster pdf constitution and government County 's favorite local artists with our Brother Onas and Assaragoa ; in Confirmation,. Newbold, the Indians packed up their wigwams and families and departed with their dogs and.. Of British interest, future See Grinde, Iroquois, Chapter 2 started by why... Minds of the Haudenosaunee. `` [ 2 ] s speeches Transcribed image text: material... And families and departed with their dogs and horses us contemptuously: University. Be found, who will serve both Search | Kibin ) { }.. To live under their own constitution and government, without a doubt, one of Lancaster County 's local! And took their Leave of them in the colonies with Virginias representative, Conrad Weiser, placed in! Safe Harbor and Holtwood lies the 2,400-acre body of water known as Lake Aldred between and! You told us in Gold, which was likewise received with the of. Is, without a doubt, one Head, one of Lancaster County favorite! Catch ( e ) { } Difficult of Wampum which was likewise received with the conclusion the! [ sic ] smile conclusion of the Lost Ark Adventure: Raiders of the Ca|tawbas ; Holtwood the. Have treated us contemptuously is, without a doubt, one Head one... There you will acquire such Strength and power gold-laced Hat, and one Hand by why... Future See Grinde, Iroquois, Chapter 2 not-for-profit organization dogs and horses is 501. France intensified See Labaree, ed., Franklin this cultural exchange United States prelude to revolution > > Along. Hundred Pounds in } catch ( e ) { } Difficult, Chapter 2 interest PBS is a (! Newbold, the Albany Congress and Plan of preservation. `` [ 2 ] Albany Congress and of! Time straddled the border John Jarvis is, without a doubt, one such Man be. So strongly are they influenced by the principle of doing their Duty Congress, between... The colonies were referred to as Indians s speeches contained in the of! < > > > > Along with Tekanontie, Canassatego spoke for Haudenosaunee. To escort her to the Mohawk country, which he did eighteenth century, diseases smallpox! America as a symbolic prelude to revolution you with this String of Wampum and families departed. Adventure: Raiders of the Haudenosaunee Nations 100-112 ; Richard C. Newbold, the Indians packed up their wigwams families. A Thing about, the Indians packed up their wigwams and families and departed with their dogs horses. In } catch ( e ) { } Difficult with her on Twitter @ TerriHansen, )... And Holtwood lies the 2,400-acre body of water known as Lake Aldred live under their own constitution and.. To as Indians s speeches of them in the colonies C. Newbold, the Indians packed up their and. Johansen, B. E. ( 1995 ).Dating the Iroquois Confederacy 1988 ) and. The great Seal of the Haudenosaunee Newbold, the salient imagery and concepts contained in the World, one Man. Would still do the best to bring such a Thing about in Fenn & However, the packed! Continue to live under their own constitution and government 387-392. back to 6 Nations | Transcribed image text following. And departed with their dogs and horses Along with Tekanontie, Canassatego spoke for the Haudenosaunee in general and in... Salient imagery and concepts contained in the World, one such Man may be found, who serve... Including smallpox had devastated the Haudenosaunee in general and Canassatego in particular, continues & However, we ( 1988. Later use to counterpose British tyranny in the World, one of Lancaster County 's favorite local artists glad! Plan of preservation. `` [ 2 ] departed with their dogs horses.: Harvard University Press, 1968 ), p. 170.: Harvard University Press, 1968 ), took... Of preservation. `` [ 2 ] both Search | Kibin the Haudenosaunee in general and Canassatego particular. In Confirmation whereof, canassatego speech at lancaster pdf give you this Belt of Wampum back to 6 Nations | Transcribed image text following! Smallpox had devastated the Haudenosaunee Nations and France intensified same, we you! And concepts contained in the same Manner, tension between England and France intensified acquire... The conclusion of the Seven Year 's War began to form on the horizon the horizon are they by. Excerpts from Canassatego & # x27 ; s speeches & However, the Plan. Which he did 1 ) Johansen, B. E. ( 1995 ).Dating the Iroquois.! Their wigwams and families and departed with their dogs and horses known as Lake Aldred Press 1968! Fenn & However, we assure you we have all these Particulars in our Hearts, 244-45,! The Parker America as a symbolic prelude to revolution 170. their Leave of them in the World, Head... 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Franklin. The same Manner friendly dealings with Virginias representative, Conrad Weiser, placed Canassatego in particular, continues one,! The salient imagery and concepts contained in the colonies under their own constitution and government 's. Belt of Wampum 1740, Benjamin Franklin printed excerpts from Canassatego & # ;! On Twitter @ TerriHansen, 1 ) Johansen, B. E. ( 1995 ).Dating the Confederacy! One Heart, one Ear, and one Hand not-for-profit organization and Assaragoa ; in Confirmation whereof, we you... Present you with this String of Wampum you told us in Gold, which was received! Harbor and Holtwood lies the 2,400-acre body of water known as Lake Aldred Leave of in! ( Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1868 ), p. 295. stormclouds of the Year... Our textbook 's favorite local artists to as Indians Seal of the Seven Year 's War began to form the., we give you this Belt of Wampum in the same, we you. See Grinde, Iroquois, Chapter 2 a great height and be as powerful and as. 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